Hydraulic press



' Ju13,192s. 1,675,513

L. PARKER HYDRAULI C PRE S S Filed March 7, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet l il E1- 2 'July 3, 192s. v L. PARKER HYDRAULIC PRESS s sheets-sheet 2 El I @im Par/fer Filed March '7, 1927 Patented July 3, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LARS PARKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO QUALITY HARDWARE & MACHINE C0., A COPARTNERSHIP CONSISTING OF HILDING A. LAYSTROM, JERRY ANDERSON, CARL SCHWARTZ, AND ELSIE LAYSTROM, ALL OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

Application filed Maren 7, 1927. 4serial No, 173,282.

This invention relates to a hydraulic press which is primarily` adapted for forming angle pipes or tubes or the like.

The invention primarily consists in certain improvements whereby the fluid is more effectively controlled so as to avoid the loss of pressure or the escape of Huid and in which provision is made for relieving excess pressure.

The invention comprises the novel structure and combination of parts hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out and defined in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of this in vention and in which similar reference numerals refer to similar features inthe different views:

On the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevational view of a hydraulic press involving this invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken upon the line II-II of Figure 1, showing parts in elevation.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken upon the line III- III of Figure 4 looking in the directions of the arrows.

F'gure 4 is an enlarged vertical and cen tral sectional view of a part of the hydraulic press. i

Fi re 5 is anv enlarged sectional view taken upon the line V-V of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken upon the line VI-VI of Figure 2.

Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken upon the line VII-VII of Figure 4. Figure 8 is an enlarged sectional view `taken upon the line VIII-VIII of. Figure 4.

Figure 9 is an enlarged sectional view taken upon the line I X-IX of Figure 4.V

Figure l0 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken upon the line X--X of Figure 7.

As shown on the drawings:

As illustrative of this invention there is shown a hydraulic press comprising a base 1- upon which a die block .2 is itioned. The die block consists of va pair of connected members 2** and 2" which may be releasably held together by suitable latching mechanism. A die 3 is secured in the usual aperture of the die block. This die has a cavity 4 which terminates' atits lower end 1n an angular leg 5. It will be noted that a metal'tube 6 extends into this cavity lfor the purpose of forming an angular leg thereon through hydraulic pressure.

A plunger 7 provided with a central bore 8 which is automatically closed by a spring pressed automatic valve 9 is adapted to supply the fluid to the cavity in the die. It will be noted that a resilient spring 10, the tension of which may be adjusted by a nut 11 and which is located in a valve head, acts upon the ball valve 9. The tension of this spring is, however, adapted to be overcome by the pressure ofthe Huid. The lower end of the plunger is provided with a sleeve 12 which is slidably mounted thereon. The

`upper end of the sleeve is provided with a pair o f inwardly directed lugs or shoulders 13 which operate in cooperating grooves 14 in the plunger. The lower ends of the grooves and the lugs 13 form contacting shoulders for supporting the sleeve with its lower `end flush with the end of the plunger. A resilient spring 15 is confined in each -groove and acts upon the top of the lug 13 in such roove for project-ing the sleeve downwar ly. The lower end of the plunger 7 carries a cap 16 of rawhide or the like which is suitably aiiixed thereto and which is of such a size as to fit within the cylindrical sleeve 12.

Itwill be noted that the cylindrical sleeve 12 has the same diameter as the mouth of the tube 6 andthat on'account of the relative movenient'of the sleeve and plunger, the

lower end of the plunger may be forced into said tube 6 to a considerable extent as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 4 whereby leakage or lossof ressure is prevented.

It will be-noted) that the automatic valve 9 is located in a cylindrical boss 17 upon the plunger. This boss is secured to the bottom of a fluid housing 18. The upper end of the plunger extends into and throu h the fluid housing.v A pressure head 19 ts into the upper end of the Huid housing. This pressure head is provided with a central bore 20 which extends inwardly from its lower end. A lurality of Huid passages 21 extend, upwar ly in the pressure head,

and communicate with the upper end of the central bore for supplying fluid thereto. It will be noted that the upper part of the plunger 7 fits into the central boreof the pressure head and the central bore 8 of the plungerand the passages 21 provide communication between the pressure head and plunger.

The aforementioned housing is provided with means surrounding its u per margin for forming a water inlet c'ham er 22. This chamber is preferably formed from a sheet metal member which is stamped into cylindrical form with a pair of parallel flanges directed inwardly, the upper flange 23 being .wider than the lower flange 24 which is secured against the side of the housing 18. The upper flange 23 forms an aperture for receiving the pressure head 19. The annular chamber 22 communicates with the interior of the housing by a plurality of oblique passages or ducts 25 shown in Figures 7 and 10.

Means are provided for releasably sustaining the pressure head above the ducts 25 as shown in Figure 4. To this end the lower end of the pressure -head is provided with a groove 26 having an up er beveled surface 27 Aas clearly shown inv igure 10. A plurality of pins 28 having upper beveled surfaces corresponding to the beveled surface 27 ofthe groove 26 are located in suitable apertures adjacent thel upper margin of the fluid housing. Each aperture communicates with a downwardly extending recess in the fluid housing inwhich a retaining pin 29 1ssecured. These retaining pins have inner beveled edges which engage suitable notches in the pins 28. The pins 29 have their lower ends beveled as shown in Figure 1 for cooperating with plunger pins 30 which .are supported in small cylinders 31 screwed into the housing. It will be noted that the ends of these cylinders are closed by adjustable plugs 32 and that coil springs '33 are confined between sucli plugs and the'ends of the retaining pins 30. Consequently, when pressure is applied uponthe ressure head, a camming action will occur etween the sloping surface 27 of the cam groove 26 and the beveled edges of the pins 28. This pressure will be sufiicient to drive the pins 28 in a radial direction outwardly. time the retaining pins 29 will be forced downwardly on account of the sloping surfaces between them andthe pins 28. As the pins 29 are forced downwardly the plunger pins 30 will of course be forced outwardly 'against the tension of the springs 33.

Circuniferentially of the lower part of the fiuid housing there are a plurality of relief cylinders 34 which communicate with the interior of the housing by means of ducts 35 and which communicate with the annular inlet water chamber through suitable connecting pipes 36. The outer end of each pas- At the sameV sage 35 is closed by a ball valve 37. Each ball valve is sustained by a suitable plate 38.

The outer ends of the relief cylinders 34 are closed by adjustable lu 39 and stiff coill springs 40 are 'confineds between the plugs and theplates 38. The springs 40 are designed with sufficient tension to withstand the normal amount of required pressure during the operation of pressin the tube. However, if the fluid pressure s ould be increased beyond a safe limit for some reason, the tension of the springs 40 would be overcome, allowing the water to esca through the relief valves and .back into t e annular fluid inlet chamber thuswise relieving the excess pressure. Any suitable connection may be provided for supplying fluid to the fluid inlet chamber and in the present instance, there is shown a pipe 41 which may be connected to the source of fluid su ply.

It will, of course, be understood that the ressure head is designed to be forced down yv any suitable power means.l In the present instance, I have shown the same extendinginto-a pressure cylinder 42 of a hydraulic press (Figure 1). It is of course, to be understood that any other power means may be used.

In the operation of the hydraulic press, I

the tube that is. to be elongated or formed withV a bend is inserted in the die. The plunger 7 is then lowered until the sleeve engages the top of the tube 6. It will, of course, be assumed that the pressure head is held by the yielding detents 28, 29 and 30, as shown in`Figure 4. Fluid may now be admitted to the fluid housing 18 and the fluid pressure may be applied to the fluid head 19. As soon as the pressure is thus?l wise applied to the fluid head, the housing will descend until the plunger enters the tube 6 as-shown in dotted lines in Figure 4. During this movement, the pressure head will be released for entering the fluid housing 18 and compressing the fluid which will emerge through the passages 21 into the central bore 8 of the plunger and down into the tube 6, the ball valve 9 being automatically opened by the pressure of the fluid. .Under sullicient ressure, the tube will be properly formed, t e pressure of the fluid extending the same into the angle leg of the die as is obvious. When the pressure is released, the valve 9 will automatically close preventing the escape of fluid from the housing and the pressure of the water will automatically return the pressure head to the position shown in Figure 4, theyielding detents 28 being automatically snap ed into the groove of the pressure head by t e pins 29 and 30 due to the force of the springs 33.

I am aware that many changes may be made and numerous details -of construction may be varied through a wide range withinvention and I, therefore, do not purpose limiting the patent granted hereon, otherwise than necessitated by the prior art. .I claim as' my invention: r

1. In a machlne of the character described,

-the combination with a die having a forming 'cavity for receiving a tube, of a plunger adapted for fitting in said tube and a sleeve on the lower end of said plunger adapted for resting on said tube, said sleeve and plunger having relative movement whereby Vsaid p unger may enter said tube for the purpose set' forth. -V

2. In a machine of the character described, a plunger having an axial bore, a sleeve slidably mounted upon said plunger, `said sleeve and plunger having coacting shouldersand resilient means tending to maintain said shoulders inengagement.

3. In a machine of the character described,

a plunger having .an axial bore, a sleeve mounted upon the lower end of said plunger for relative sliding movement and yieldingA means acting upon said sleeve.-

' 4. In a machlne of the character described, the combination with a die having a forming cavity for receiving a tube, of a lunger adapted for fitting in said tube an means surrounding said plunger for'abutting relation with said'tube for preventing the. escape of Huid. In ltestimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

.. LARS PARKER. 

